Electrode for arc-welding



J. FAY. ELECTRODE FOR ARC WELDING.

A PPLICATION FILED FEB. 27. 1920. 1,354,476.

Patnted Oct. 5, 1920.

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.To LN whom it may conoce# lie it known that l., deseen W. liner, a citi-f zen of the United States, residing at Milwaukee, in the county oi Milwaukee and State oi' iiisconsin, :have invented certain new and usei'ul improvements in Electrodes for Arc-Welding, oi2 'which the following is a speciii'cation.,

This invention relates to electrodes used for electric welding purposes, and has ior an object' providing an improved form oi elect,

trede, pa ticularly with reference to the insulation which covers the electrode, special objects being to provide such insulation iinproveniente as will maintain constant the temperature of the electrode as its .length decreases in use, and to. produce. an electrode which will materially vsimplify the starting of the electric arc. Other objects of the invcntion will be apparent Jfrom a` consideration of the accompanying drawings and the following' description thereof.

Of the drawing Figure l is anelevation oi" an electrode which embodies features oimy invention; Fig. 2 is a central longitudinal section ci the electrode; Fig. 3 is an elevation oi the electrode With certain ortions of the insulation broken away; and iig.' i is a View oi the a'fc end of the electrode.

Any suitable material may be lused* for the.

electrode pro er, and it maybe oi any suit'- able shape, diameter and length. ln a general Way my electrode is paiticularlywadapted to machine Welding When the electrode is very long. l prefer for the purpose a metal bar 1,0. The entire length 'of that portion of the bar Which is tobe deposited on the seam to be Welded,is inclosed in a thick coatiing of heat resisting cement 11. Any suitablel cement may be used, but prefer for the purpose a coatnf asbestos cement. This ce,- ment is applied in such a manner as to taper in thickness from one end to the other, the coating.,Y on the are end of the electrode beine` somewhat thinner than rat the other en vThe amount of the tapering,r of this cement would vary with the length of theelectrode and the particular conditions of the Welding process, in thickness substantially as' indicated in Fig. 2. Outside of this coat of cement is Wrapped one or more layers of paper 12, any suitable paper being used for the purpose.

The surface of the paper is then coated by' dipping or brusbin with an insulating paste 13. Any suita le paste may be used but in general I. prefer a variation' for this purpose, l prefer, however, asbestos powder mixed with silicate oi' soda.

l@ne object ci' increasingq the thickness et the cement tovvea'd the upper o1' suppoiting end ci the electrode is to insure even tusmg teniper'atuie throughout the entire length of the electrode, especially an electrode which is very long, 'or instance six 'lect or more in len gth, and one'which is used in maf time rate regardless of the length of the electrode. lf the speed of the machine and the current of electricity passing through the arc oi"V the electrode will deposit one inch oi metal to one inch of the seam vin one second, the finishing end of the electrode should deposit th'e same amlount ot metal in the same length of time. An electrodewith a uniformthickness of insulation throughout the entire length `Will fuse faster as theelectrode decreases in length, due to the weakness of the insulation caused by the increase of temperature as the electrode shortcns in length.

One ofthe objects of applying paper to the surface oi the cement is to protect the cement from breakinpr or peeling off inuse or otherwise, Jfor instance when being handled roughly by the Workmen. And an object of the coat ofiinsulating paste 13 is to prevent the paper Jfrom taking' up mois.

ture and also to avoid burning the paper by the heat of an arc.

l; also provide means in connection with. .the arc end of the electrode to facilitate the starting of the are. `With an ordinary metal "electrode, some diiiiculty is usually encountered in pioperly starting.: the arc. Occasionally the electrode Will fuse tight to the Work, it not roperly handled. l have discoveredthat e y providing special means for allowingtbc current to iow from the electrode to vthe work and to have such means so formed that the heat of the current will very qpickly melt and perhaps vaporize the metal immediately in contact with the work, the starting of vthe arc is very materially sov ioe

simplified, and fusing of the electrode tok comes in contact with the work, and thus less vaporize starts the iow of the current. The walls of the. metal, however, are of such thickness that the metal quickly melts andjleaves an arcing space between the electrode and the work without the necessity of moving theV electrode backward from the work at exactly the right instant. By this arrangement the operator of the electrode in startlng the arc need not be so exact and the danger of fusing to the work and other disadvantages are eliminated. It is to be understood, however, that the exact form of the depression or method of reducing the mass of the metal, is not essential so far, as the spirit of my invention is concerned, it being necessary nly eta to tricity through the end of the electrode, and to reduce the mass to such an amount that it will very uickly be melted and more or I claimv as my invention:

1; An electrode for welding purposes comprising a bar of metal, a coat of cement on said bar, a wrapping-of paper around said cement, and a coat of paste covering said paper. l

2. An electrode for -welding purposes comprising a bariof metal, a coat of cement on said bar, a wrapping of paper around said cement', and a coat of lpaste covering said paper, said cement being composed of asbestos cement.

3. An electrode for welding purposes comprising a bar of metal, a coat of cement on said bar, a wrapping of paper aroundisaid cement, and a coat of paste covering said paper, the said paste belng composed of asbestos powder mixed with silicate of soda,

4. An electrode for electric welding purposes comprising'a metal bar, said bar being covered with 'a thick coat of heat resisting cement the coat of cement decreasing in Y thlilcknss from one end of the bar to the' ot er.

5. An electrode for-electric welding purposes comprising a metal bar, said bar being covered with a thick coat of heat resisting cement, the coat of cement decreasing in thickness from -oneiend of the bar to the other, and a wrapping of paper outside of said cement. j

6. An electrode for welding purposes comprising a barof iron, one end of said-bar being adapted to be supported, the other end of said bar being adapted to form the terminal for the welding arc, said latter end having a projection extending outwardly therefrom, said projection being a conductor of electricity, the resistance to the flow of electricity through said projection per unit of length being materially greater than the resistance to the flow through said electrode.

7 In an electrode for welding purposes a bar of iron, .the arc forming end of said ba'r havingits transverse cross-section materially less than the transverse cross-section of the `bar a material distance from said end.

8. An electrode for welding purposes comprising a bar, the arc forming end of said bar having a portion of the metal removed therefrom, whereby the resistance to the flow of electricity through the end of the bar per `unit of length is materially greater than at other portions of the bar.

9. 'An electrode for electric welding purposes comprising a metallic bar, the arc forming end of said bar having adepression therein.

10'.` An electrode for electric welding pur poses comprising a metallic bar, the arc forming end of said bar being countersunk. In testimony whereof, I hereunto set my hand.

JOSEPH FAY. 

